Burned breast reconstructive surgery with Integra dermal regeneration template

Reconstruction of the burned breast poses several clinical challenges, since scarring can adversely affect the development, contour and positioning of the breast as well as the cosmetic appearance of the skin surface. Conventional management entails contracture release and thick split-thickness skin grafting. We investigated an alternative approach employing dermal regeneration template (Integra) for breast reconstruction in 12 consecutive patients who had suffered anterior chest wall burns in childhood. Integra is a bilayer material consisting of a collagen and chondroitin-6-sulfate dermal regeneration template and a temporary silicone epidermal layer. Portions of the scar contracture preventing the breast from assuming the desired shape and position were excised. Unmeshed Integra sheets were applied to the wound bed immediately following excision. Sufficient vascularization of the forming neodermis occurred within 28 days on average to enable removal of the silicone layer and placement of unmeshed 0.005 in. epidermal autografts. Upon histological examination one month postoperatively, naturally-formed collagen fibres were observed in the dermal regeneration template. By one year, host collagen had typically completely replaced the Integra matrix, and elastic fibres were evident throughout the neodermis. Durable improvements in breast contour and shape were attained in all patients, and clinically-relevant recontracture of the graft site did not occur within the follow-up period. A statistically significant improvement of 6.0 (95% CI, 5.0–6.5) in Vancouver Scar Scale score was demonstrated at one year. A very high level of satisfaction in the outcome of reconstruction was expressed by 92% of the patients. Grafting with Integra provides an effective and well-tolerated alter-native to thick split-thickness grafting for breast reconstruction. Chief advantages are the availability of a biocompatible material in unlimited quantity that can be tailored to the particular wound site and the avoidance of a deep donor site wound with attendant potential for infection, scarring and permanent pigment changes.