Hemipelvectomy for severe decubitus ulcers in patients with previous spinal cord injury

Background Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently have pressure ulcers. Surgery is sometimes needed to close them. In rare cases, hemipelvectomy is warranted for extremely severe complications. Methods We conducted a retrospective study using national Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) computer data sets to identify clinical features of SCI patients who underwent hemipelvectomy for life-threatening septic complications of decubitus ulcers. Results Among the approximately 4 million patients receiving care in the DVA system, more than 40,000 patients were treated on an inpatient basis for SCI during the search period (fiscal years 1989 to 1998). They represent approximately 20% of the total national patient pool. There were 56 patients who supposedly had undergone hemipelvectomy. Chart review eliminated cases that did not meet our inclusion criteria, resulting in 8 evaluable cases. All had complete SCI due to trauma and later developed severe pressure sores with pelvic osteomyelitis or life-threatening soft tissue infection. Conclusions This series is the largest reported to date. The surgery involved significant blood loss (mean 2.6 L). Reoperations and complications were common. The mortality rate was 25%, but the survivors were all markedly improved by the surgery. Some of the complications appeared to be related more to the SCI than to the pelvic sepsis or surgery, suggesting that meticulous perioperative care may be valuable in reducing the complication rate in SCI patients undergoing this radical operation for very severe sequelae of pressure ulcers.