moking, Alcohol Intake, Etrogen Ue, and Age-related Macular Degeneration in Latino: The Lo Angele Latino Eye tudy

Purpoe To ae the aociation between moking, alcohol intake, etrogen ue, and both early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (oft inditinct druen, retinal pigment abnormalitie) and advanced AMD (exudative AMD, geographic atrophy) in the Latino community. Deign Population-baed, cro-ectional tudy. Method Complete ophthalmic examination included tereocopic macular photograph graded with a modified Wiconin Age-related Maculopathy Grading ytem. A hitory of moking, alcohol intake, and exogenou etrogen ue wa obtained by interview. Logitic regreion wa performed, and odd ratio (OR) were calculated with each AMD leion a a dependent variable. Reult There were 5875 participant (92.4%) with gradable photograph. Having ever moked wa aociated with a higher rik of having advanced AMD (OR, 2.4). Heavy conumption of alcohol (>5 drink per eion) wa ignificantly aociated with a greater rik of having exudative AMD (OR, 5.8) and geographic atrophy (OR, 12.7) Beer drinking wa aociated with a higher rik of having advanced AMD (OR, 2.9), wherea wine drinking appeared to be protective for increaed retinal pigment (OR, 0.7). Exogenou etrogen ue alo appeared to be protective from oft inditinct druen (OR, 0.5) and increaed retinal pigment (OR, 0.6), but power wa limited in the aement of it aociation with advanced AMD. Concluion moking and heavy alcohol conumption, particularly beer, wa aociated with a greater rik of having advanced AMD; exogenou etrogen ue appeared to have a weak protective effect in Latino participant. imilar modifiable rik factor have been identified previouly in non-Hipanic white patient, which ugget that common pathogenic mechanim may be aociated with AMD in peron of different ethnicitie.