Exogenous supply of artificial lipoproteins does not decrease susceptibility to atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits Original Research Article

We investigated the effects of reconstituted apo A-I-containing high-density lipoprotein (r-HDL, homologous to small pre-β-migrating HDL) and reconstituted triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (r-TRL, a mixture of Intralipid® and apo E) on atherogenesis in rabbits fed a 0.5% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. Male Japanese white rabbits (n = 17) were divided into three groups: the control group (n = 7) received a placebo and 2.5 ml of Intralipid® 20 h later; the second group (n = 6) received r-HDL containing 18 mg of apo A-I followed by 2.5 ml of Intralipid®; and the third group (n = 4) received 18 mg of r-HDL and 2.5 ml of r-TRL containing 4 mg of apo E. Rabbits were injected with the agents weekly and the same interval (20 h) was maintained between the two injections. Three minutes after the injection of r-HDL, a sharp increase in the pre-β-migrating fraction was observed. The cholesterol-rich diet similarly increased serum lipids in the three groups. No significant changes of the HDL cholesterol and apo A-I concentrations were observed in the three groups. Conversely, there was a 12-fold increase of apo E which correlated positively with the total cholesterol level. Injection of r-HDL and r-TRL caused slight inhibition of fatty streak development and lipid deposition in the aortic wall, but neither change was statistically significant. Lipid accumulation in the liver was similar in all three groups. These results suggest that the physiological properties of artificial and native lipoproteins may differ.