Inhibitory effect of melatonin on α1-adrenergic–induced vasoconstriction in mesenteric beds of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to assess the effects of melatonin on α1-adrenergic pathway in mesenteric arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Methods and results The SHR are characterized by a higher vasoconstriction (P< .001) and inositol phosphate formation (P< .001) in response to phenylephrine (PHE) and an increased superoxide anion production (P< .001) in mesenteric arteries. Melatonin and 2-iodomelatonin produced a significant inhibition of the PHE-induced vasoconstriction in isolated and perfused mesenteric beds (P< .001) with the same magnitude in SHR and WKY rats. Melatonin significantly decreased the inositol phosphate (IPs) formation in isolated mesenteric arteries from SHR compared to WKY rats (P< .001). The inhibitory effect of melatonin was increased by the removal of endothelium (P< .001). No effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), tempol, or catalase were observed on the PHE-induced vasoconstriction. Moreover, no superoxide anion scavenging effect of 2-iodomelatonin was observed in isolated mesenteric vascular muscle cells using lucigenin. Conclusions The present study showed that high melatonin concentrations inhibit the α1-adrenergic-induced vasoconstriction and inositol phosphate formation in mesenteric arteries from SHR and WKY rats. The vasorelaxant effect of the melatonin receptors agonist, 2-iodomelatonin, and the absence of any vasoactive effect of antioxidants such as SOD, tempol, and catalase suggest that melatonin exerts its inhibition on α1-adrenergic-induced vasoconstriction of mesenteric arteries through a low-affinity membrane receptor negatively coupled to the IPs formation and that this effect is independent of its antioxidant properties.