Fungal urinary tract infection in an infant with posterior urethral valves

Children with urinary tract abnormalities are susceptible to bacterial urinary infection (UTI); fungal infection, although rare, is reported to be increasing. Here, we describe a seven month-old male infant with posterior urethral valves who had developed both bacterial and fungal (Candidal) urinary tract infections. Direct and culture examinations of urine sample confirmed urinary tract candidiasis. Urine culture yielded more than 3×104 Candida albicans. Fluconazole started in the dose of 4mg/kg/day, single dose daily (25mg or 1/2 tablet) for two weeks. After two weeks antifungal therapy, urine sample was negative for C. albicans in both direct and culture examination. We concluded that fungal infection should be considered in the children with obstructing urinary tract abnormalities because its diagnosis may be missed.