Cosmology between two wars. Einstein’s revolution and alternative models of the Universe

The personality of Edward Milne is examined, deepening the historical period in which his Cosmological theory was produced. Is suggested that Milne’s kinematical Cosmology can be regarded as a kind of ‘resistance’ to the scientific revolution deriving from the new Einstein’s theory of gravitation. Is investigated the deep philosophical meaning of the metrics on curved manifolds as far as the representation of the universe is concerned, and the importance of the cosmological theories in the epistemology and in the evolution of science is stressed.