Aurora on Jupiter: A Magnetic Connection with the Sun and the Medicean Moons

Observational astronomy began in Padova four hunderd years ago, when Galileo Galilei pointed a newly invented instrument towards Jupiter. After only one week of observations he discovered four moons circling Jupiter. In the intervening four centuries, technical progress in instrumentation and novel observational approaches have revealed much about the connection between these Medicean moons with Jupiter, none more revealing than the auroral emissions. In this paper we review observations of ultraviolet aurora made by earth-orbitting spacecraft as well as those that flew by the Jovian system.