Structural Analysis and Characteristics of Biosurfactants Produced by Some Crude Oil Utilizing Bacterial Strains

Biosurfactants or surface active compounds (SACs) are produced by certain microorganisms. Twenty seven bacterial isolates were isolated from twenty four crude oil contaminated soils located in repairing cars stations and petroleum refining companies. Three bacterial isolates were selected and displayed highest reduction of surface tension. Three selected bacterial isolates were identified as Paenibacillus illinoisensis-21, Bacillus subtilis-27 and Bordetella hinizi-DAFl. Maximum SACs biosynthesis by Paenibacillus illinoisensis-21, Bacillus subtilis-27 and Bordetella hinizi-DAFI strains were investigated. Two SACs could be biosynthesized from B. subtilis-27 and Bordetella hinizi-DAFI, which could be extracted by chloroform: ethanol (2:1v/v) solvent and purified by using TLC and Silica gel chromatography. The SACs were identified as Iturin which biosynthesized by B. subtilis-27 and Trehalose-2,3,4,2ʹ-tetraester which biosynthesized by Bordetella hinizi-DAFI based on UV, IR and HPLC analysis techniques. Detection the qualitative and quantitative of amino acids were performed by amino acids analyzer, -1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis, fatty acid analysis and sugar pattern