Antioxidant and antiradical activities of Rosa canina and Rosa pimpinellifolia fruits from West Azerbaijan

Rosa canina L. is a member of Rosaceae family, which is well-known for its high phenolic contents. These compounds are known to possess antioxidant and antiradical effects. In order to compare the antioxidant and antiradical activity of wild Rosa phenolic extracts, two wild Rosa species (Rosa canina L. and Rosa pimpinellifolia L.) were selected from Takab, Oshnavieh and Qasemloo Valley of Urmia, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2011. The fruits of R. canina and R. pimpinellifolia were collected and then methanolic extracts were prepared from these fruits. The extractsʹ total phenolic and flavonoid contents and scavenging capacity for radicals nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH were analyzed. Fruit extracts, respectively, had a range of 176.48 ± 2.71 and 225.65 ± 2.50 mg gallic acid equivalents /100 g methanolic extract in total phenolic content, 0.41± 0.02 and 2.02 ± 0.03 mg quercetin/100 g methanolic extract in total flavonoid content, 22.41 ± 0.64% and 58.10 ± 0.72% in hydrogen peroxide, 79.16 ± 0.61% and 87.78 ± 0.10% in DPPH, and 76.93 ± 2.31% and 236.76 ± 16.04% in nitric oxide radical scavenging percentage. The findings suggested that radical scavenging capacities of R. canina and R. pimpinellifola extracts in different populations positively correlated with phenolic content.