Determination of Prostate Cancer Risk Factors in Isfahan, Iran: a Case - control Study

Background: This study was conducted in order to determine the risk factors of prostate cancer in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study 95 cases of incident, pathologically confirmed PC and 95 controls were recruited. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. Results: The risk of prostate cancer increased with increasing age (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13; p<0.001). A positive family history of prostate cancer was also a significant risk factor (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9; p=0.03). Increased dietary intake tomato sauce was associated with a significantly declined risk of prostate cancer (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01-0.40; p<0.001). Prostate cancer risk was not affected by Smoking, alcohol consumption, history of vasectomy, diabetes mellitus, sexually transmitted diseases, and dietary garlic and fat intake. Conclusions: We found that increased age and positive family history of prostate cancer could be considered as some potential risk factors of prostate cancer in the studied population. Moreover, a higher intake of tomato sauce was found to have a protective effect against prostate cancer.