Importance of Whey and Arbuscular Mycorhizal Fungi (AMF) in Soil Fertility and Plant Growth

The building and maintenance of good soil structure are the objectives of sustainable agriculture. For this reason recently, a variety of organic substrates as manure has been used to improve soil structure. The use of whey or whey spraying as manure for fields is one of the strategy to enhance nutrient outflow to plants. The constituents of whey which are important for manuring and microbiologically growth are N, P, K, S, Ca, Na, Mg, lactose and proteins. It used for manuring purposes not only to encourage plant growth but may also increase useful microorganism population in the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is one of the most widespread mycorrhizal associations between soil microorganisms and higher plants. The host plant provides the fungus with soluble carbon sources, and the fungus provides the host plant with an increased capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. In this review properties of AMF is one of the major soil symbionts and whey is symbiotic associations support and relationship between the two were tried.