An Extension of the Korteweg–de Vries Hierarchy Arising from a Representation of a Toroidal Lie Algebra

In this article we show how to construct hierarchies of partial differential equations from the vertex operator representations of toroidal Lie algebras. In the smallest example—rank 2 toroidal cover of sl2—we obtain an extension of the KdV hierarchy. We use the action of the corresponding infinite-dimensional group to construct solutions for these non-linear PDEs.