ENSO-dominated estuaries of Buenos Aires: The interannual transfer of water from Western to Eastern South America

Sea-level behavior can be analyzed from tidal records and as the response to oceanic forcings. However, tidal gauges are not uniformly distributed and some are located within estuaries. Eastern South America is particularly subject to ENSO-triggered floods, critical in the last years, and particularly causing severe impacts in some estuaries. Large estuaries, as the Río de la Plata, and a small estuary as the Quequén Grande river, suffered these interannual effects. Tidal stations located within these estuaries are not exclusively recording the oceanic sea-level behavior; they are recording the effects of large volumes of water that seldom transfer from Western to Eastern South America. Some forecasts of sea-level rise based on annual MSL data are questioned in the sense that they can be biased by these interannual effects.