Postexposure effects of DDE and butylbenzylphthalate on feeding behavior in threespine stickleback

In a laboratory experiment we documented effects of sublethal concentrations of p,p′-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE) and butylbenzylphthalate (BBP) on feeding behavior in threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. The fish were exposed for 31 days to either BBP (10 or 100 μg/L) or DDE (5 or 50 μg/L) or to a mixture of BBP and DDE in the corresponding concentrations. Five weeks after exposure termination, we showed that fish that had been exposed to the higher concentrations of DDE and/or BBP initiated feeding more often than control fish. The latency time to feeding (ranging from 0.25 to 5.0 min) differed between control fish and fish exposed to mixtures of DDE and BBP. This experiment shows that feeding behavior may be used as a suitable behavioral variable in the detection of effects of pollutants even long time after the termination of exposure.