Life History of the Flea Beetle, Aphthona abdominalis Duftschmid, on Euphorbia esula L (Leafy Spurge) in Italy

The life history of Aphthona abdominalis Duftschmid (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a flea beetle that feeds on leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L., was studied in central Italy from 1986 to 1990. Information was obtained on the incubation period, length of stadia, adult behavior, feeding, longevity, and fertility. All life stages were studied through several generations. The beetle has three larval instars, usually has four generations per year in Italy, and overwinters as an adult. The adults feed on the aerial parts of the plant, and the larvae attack roots, root buds, and shoots. The main damage to the plant is caused by the larvae. Aphthona abdominalis is a candidate for biological control of leafy spurge in North America.