Life cycle inventory data for materials grouped according to environmental and material properties

Environmental data are presented for material groups to be used in simplified life cycle assessments at an early stage in product design. Life cycle inventory (LCI) data from cradle to gate were evaluated for 214 material cases used in mechanical design. Based on their environmental and physical properties, materials were structured into 17 different groups. The environmental characteristics of each material group were expressed in terms of LCI data as well as characterised and weighted inventory data. LCI data categories contributing significantly to environmental impact were identified. Multivariate analysis showed weak correlation between material properties and environmental impact. The environmental data presented provide averages of LCI data for each material group and can be used as estimates when LCI data for specific materials are missing.