Temporal changes and local variations in the functions of Londonʹs green belt

A green belt is a zone of land around the city where building development is severely restricted. Although Londonʹs green belt has a history of being effective in achieving its purposes, recently planners have started debating how it could be reformed. The green beltʹs reformers propose renewing the green beltʹs function. However no recent research has shown the current distribution of Londonʹs green belt. The aim of this research is to explore which factors influence the functions of Londonʹs green belt. We first investigate the history of the green beltʹs functions. We then analyse the green beltʹs current functions by grouping local authorities in relation to their green belt policies using cluster analysis. The history of the green beltʹs establishment reveals the fundamental values that lie behind the green beltʹs functions. Using cluster analysis we group the local authorities according to whether they use the green belt to: control urban growth, enhance landscape protection, improve the landscape or whether they consider the green belt to be a minor issue. Overall we argue that a new green space planning concept should be implemented that explicitly refers to the green beltʹs role in restoring landscapes.