Corner singularities and boundary layers in a simple convection–diffusion problem

A singularly perturbed convection–diffusion problem posed on the unit square is considered. Its solution may have exponential and parabolic boundary layers, and corner singularities may also be present. Pointwise bounds on the solution and its derivatives are derived. The dependence of these bounds on the small diffusion coefficient, on the regularity of the data, and on the compatibility of the data at the corners of the domain are all made explicit. The bounds are derived by decomposing the solution into a sum of solutions of elliptic boundary-value problems posed on half-planes, then analyzing these simpler problems