Atmospheric budget of different elements in aerosol particles over Hungary

The aim of this paper is to present the budget of seven elements (Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) in the atmospheric aerosol over Hungary. The dry deposition is estimated on the basis of concentration and size distribution measurements and on dry deposition velocities available in the literature. The dry deposition velocity of two elements is obtained by transport model calculations. Wet deposition rates are determined by analyzing precipitation samples. The emissions of different elements necessary for budgeting are calculated by using statistical data on fossil fuel and gasoline burning, metallurgy, cement industry and waste incineration as well as on emission factors given by Pacyna (1984, Atmospheric Environment 18, 41–50). It is found that the country is a net source for elements produced mostly by fossil fuel combustion while it is a net sink for elements released during industrial processes and automotive transport.