Analysing transformation products of herbicide residues in environmental samples

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were developed for the optimised determination of five herbicide residues (dichlorprop, isoproturon, mecoprop, metsulfuron-methyl and 2,4,5-T) and major metabolites. These compounds represent important groups of herbicides and several residues have been found as contaminants in groundwater. The methods make it possible to study these herbicides and several transformation products through simultaneous detection and quantification. Culture media as well as cleaned up extracts from sediment and groundwater can be analysed. Using HPLC with UV detection the general limit of quantification was 1.8 ng injected corresponding to a detection limit of 1–2 μg/l when analysing a cleaned up extract from a 20 ml water sample. The method was verified by analysing herbicide residues in groundwater collected from a wetland area. Cleaning up 20 ml groundwater with a residue level of 25 μg/l the general recovery was within 58–82%.