Implementation of a 1×2 Optical Power Splitter based on 2-D Square-Lattice PCRR for the 3rd Optical Communication Band

ABSTRACT: In this article, we propose a 1 × 2 optical power splitter made of ring resonators and linear-defect waveguides in photonic crystals. This structure is based on a square lattice of silicon rods with the refractive index n1=3.47 surrounded by air (with refractive index n2=1). The broadest photonic band gap for this lattice occurs at the optimized filling ratio of r/a = 0.2. Our proposed power splitter is formed by the appropriate coupling distance between two mirrored rings and a linear defect W1 waveguide. Due to constructive interferences in ring resonators which cause the intensity inside the ring builds up in over several round-trips, the splitting efficiency of power splitter is found to be near %60 in each arm with a FWHM of 21nm – from 1.541~1.564?m. This intensity corresponds to a hexa-pole degenerated resonant mode which its normalized frequencies are 0.3480 and 0.3483 (a/?). Resonance modes of the ring resonator with their corresponding degenerated poles and the transmission spectra are calculated using the PWE, and 2D-FDTD methods respectively.