Adolescentsʹ health beliefs are critical in their intentions to seek physician care

Background The examination of predictors of adolescentsʹ intentions to use health care for different types of health issues has received little attention. This study examined adolescentsʹ health beliefs and how they relate to intentions to seek physician care across different types of health problems. Methods Two hundred ten high school students (54% females; 76.6% participation rate) completed a self-administered survey of four separate age- and gender-specific health case scenarios: an adolescent who has symptoms of pneumonia; smokes five cigarettes daily; plans to initiate sex; and has symptoms of depression. For each health scenario, participants rated the seriousness of the health problem, physician effectiveness, and intentions to seek physician care. Results Most adolescents believed all health problems were serious except for planning to initiate sex (P < 0.001). Adolescents believed that physicians were most effective in diagnosis and treatment for pneumonia, followed by cigarette use, depression, and sex, respectively (Pʹs < 0.001). Adolescentsʹ intentions to seek physician care were greatest for physical as compared to risk behavior or mental health problems (P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that adolescents had greater intentions to seek physician care for cigarette, sex, and depression when they believed physicians were effective and they perceived these as health problems after controlling for age and gender (all Pʹs < 0.001). Health beliefs explained 12% to 49% of the variance in intentions to seek care (all Pʹs < 0.001). Conclusions Adolescentsʹ health beliefs are important when understanding intentions to seek physician care. Health care use may be improved by increasing adolescentsʹ beliefs that physicians are effective in areas other than physical health, including risk behaviors and mental health.