Ovariectomy and age alter gonadotropin hormone releasing hormone noradrenergic interactions

The noradrenergic (NA) system influences gonadotropin hormone releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons resulting in the luteinizing hormone surge. Direct neuroanatomical interactions between preoptic area (POA) GnRH neuronal elements and NA [i.e., dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH)] terminals; effects of short-term ovariectomy (S-OVX) on these interactions; and the stability of these interactions with age were studied in young (5-month-old) proestrous, 5-month-old S-OVX (6d), old (24-month-old) constant diestrous, and 24-month-old long-term (L)-OVX mice. Proestrous females demonstrated direct interactions between NA terminals and GnRH neuronal elements. The percentage of GnRH dendritic profiles contacted by DBH terminals at proestrous (6.96 ± 1.07%) did not differ versus young S-OVX females (4.55 ± 0.91%). No GnRH-NA interactions were observed in old mice. S-OVX resulted in a decrease in DBH terminals but an increase in dendrite and nonmyelinated axon number versus young proestrous females (p less-than-or-equals, slant 0.05 ANOVA). Findings show direct GnRH-DBH interactions, confirm S-OVX effects on neural ultrastructure, and demonstrate some S-OVX changes resembling those in older mice. L-OVX failed to prevent aging changes. Diminished capacity to produce normal estrous cycles in aging females could result in part from absence of direct GnRH-DBH interactions.