The Seebeck coefficient of the solid and liquid germanium

The knowledge of the Seebeck coefficient of materials is essential in determining the actual solid/liquid interface temperature during the melt growth of crystals. In this study, the Seebeck coefficient of the solid and liquid germanium was measured employing the small T technique. The Seebeck coefficient increased from −107 μV/◦C at 857◦C to −54 μV/◦C at 931◦C in the solid. However, an average constant value of −0.6 μV/◦C was obtained in the liquid from 938 to 960◦C, above which a value of −18 μV/◦C was recorded. Also, when the liquid samples were cooled below the melting point, a melt supercooling was observed, which seemed to be larger with higher melt temperatures. C 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc