Intraspecific variation in Astelia australiana (Liliaceae) and implications for the conservation of this Australian species Original Research Article

Intraspecific variation of the vulnerable Australian species Astelia australiana (Liliaceae), was analysed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. This technique provided a relatively quick and economical method for the assessment of genetic variation which was not measurable using morphological or allozyme methods. Distinct populations occurring in the central highlands region and Otway Ranges of Victoria were discernible when analysed by ordination. This indicates that the Otway Ranges population represents a unique natural population that warrants conservation in a similar way to the more numerous populations occurring in the Central Highlands. 42·8% of the RAPD diversity occurs among populations, indicating that no single population can be conserved to maintain the current levels of genetic diversity in the species. Furthermore, the within-population diversity was significantly different among populations, indicating that evolutionary potential is not evenly distributed amongst populations and that caution must be exercised when deciding which populations are to be actively conserved. The occurrence of a population that has a very low diversity yet seems able to recolonise suitable areas suggests that the species can be conserved with correct protection from land-clearing, irresponsible timber harvesting, Phytophthora cinnamomi and bush fires.