Combined longitudinal effects of attitude and subjective norms on student outcomes in a web-enhanced course: A structural equation modelling approach

Factors affecting the student use of a course management system in a webenhanced course are investigated using the technology acceptance model. Represented in the present study is the second phase of the analysis, with a focus on the causal relationship of subjective norms to student attitudes towards WebCT and their effect on three dependent variables: (1) end-ofcourse grades; (2) online frequency; and (3) future preference to take a webenhanced class over a face-to-face course. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the measures of the two independent variables across three time periods. Findings suggest that the proposed model fits the data well and that it is useful to model student attitudes and perceived social pressure to understand certain student outcomes. Further recommendations for researchers and practitioners are addressed.