Imperfect transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations

Imperfect bifurcation phenomena are formulated in framework of analytical bifurcation theory on Banach spaces. In particular the perturbations of transcritical and pitchfork bifurcations at a simple eigenvalue are examined, and two-parameter unfoldings of singularities are rigorously established. Applications include semilinear elliptic equations, imperfect Euler buckling beam problem and perturbed diffusive logistic equation. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.