The effect of dielectric properties on the electrorheology of suspensions of silica particles coated with polyaniline

The flow behaviour of silicone-oil suspensions of five types of silica particles coated with a polyaniline base in a DC electric field has been linked to their dielectric properties. The relaxation frequencies corresponding to the position of the dielectric-loss maxima in the frequency spectra identify the interfacial polarization of suspension particles as a controlling factor for a strong electrorheological effect. The yield stresses of suspensions under the influence of electric field and critical shear rates, at which the chains of polarized particles were broken by shear forces, is correlated with the difference between the limit values of dielectric constants above and below the relaxation frequency. The analysis of particle dipole coefficient β showed that particle polarizability is the main factor affecting rigidity of the electrorheological structure. In contrast with this, particle shape and size, controlling the field-off suspension viscosity, become unimportant after the electric field has been applied. The plots of the relative viscosity of studied suspensions vs. Mason number characterizing the relation between shear and polarization forces have been discussed. While the results obtained at different shear rates and field strengths were reduced to a single dependence, for various particle suspensions these dependences differed.