Reducing congestion on complex networks by dynamic relaxation processes

We study the effects of relaxational dynamics on the congestion pressure in general transport networks. We show that the congestion pressure is reduced in scale-free networks if a relaxation mechanism is utilized, while this is in general not the case for non-scale-free graphs such as random graphs. We also present evidence supporting the idea that the emergence of scale-free networks arise from optimization mechanisms to balance the load of the networks nodes.