Unitarity triangles and the search for New Physics Original Research Article

Assuming that the Kobayashi–Maskawa mechanism gives the dominant contribution to CP violation at low energies, we propose a novel way of testing the flavour sector of the Standard Model which has the potential for discovering New Physics. Using 3×3 unitarity of the VCKM matrix and choosing a complete set of rephasing invariant phases, we derive a set of exact relations in terms of measurable quantities, namely moduli of VCKM and arguments of rephasing invariant quartets. These tests complement the usual analysis in the ρ, η plane and, if there is New Physics, may reveal its source.