Direct numerical simulation of the basic phase-interactions in liquid turbulent channel flow with immiscible droplets Original Research Article

A direct numerical simulation has been carried out for a turbulent liquid channel flow with immiscible droplets. In the simulation, a second-order finite difference scheme has been used to discretise the governing equations. A modified volume-of-fluid method has been adopted to predict the location of the phase interface. The computational results show that each droplet exhibits different deformation and induces different velocities. The deformations of the droplets are found to be consistent with the local topological structure of turbulence. Therefore, a topological zone classification for the local structure of near-interface turbulence is effective for understanding the basic interactions of the flow.