Numericaldesignofa20MWlead–bismuthspallationtargetforanaccelerator-drivensystemOriginalResearchArticle

Aspallationtargetsystemisakeycomponenttobedevelopedforanaccelerator-drivensystem(ADS).Itisknownthata15–25MWspallationtargetisrequiredforthepracticalsizeofanADS.Althoughtherehavebeensomedesignstudiesforsmallpowerspallationtargets,thatis,lessthan10MW,designsofhighpowertargetsystemsforADSarerelativelyrare.Thedesignofa20MWspallationtargetisverychallengingbecausemorethan60%ofthebeampowerisdepositedasheatinasmallvolumeofthetargetsystem.Inthepresentwork,anumericaldesignstudywasperformedtogetoptimaldesignparametersfora20MWspallationtargetfora1000MWADS.Thecylindricalbeamtubeandthehemisphericalbeamwindowwereadoptedinthebasictargetdesignconceptwith1GeVprotonenergy,andthethermal-hydraulicandthestructuralanalyseswereperformedwiththeCFXandANSYScodes.Thebeamwindowdiameterandthicknesswerevariedtofindtheoptimalparametersetbasedonthedesigncriteria:maximumlead–bismutheutectic(LBE)temperature<500°C,maximumbeamwindowtemperature<600°C,maximumLBEvelocity<2m/s,andthemaximumbeamwindowstress<160MPa.Theresultsofthepresentstudyshowthata40cmwideprotonbeamwithauniformbeamprofileshouldbeadoptedforthespallationtargetof20MWpower.Itwasfoundthata2.5mmthickbeamwindowisneededtosustainthemechanicalload.