Chaotic spread spectrum watermark of optimal space-filling curves

Spread spectrum watermarking scheme is becoming an important research subject. In this paper, we present a method based on Peano–Hilbert space-filling curves for enhancing the robustness. Peano–Hilbert curve is a continuous mapping from one-dimensional space onto two-dimensional space. It is useful in many applications including quantum mechanics even, and preserves optimal locality. At the same time, we utilize a specified chaotic dynamic system–ICMIC map, which shows lowpass properties when the controlling parameter is devised. In this case, the watermarking detection resorts to the Neyman–Pearson criterion based on some statistical assumptions. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can work well under JPEG compression and resist line-removal test.