New excitations in the Thirring model

The quantization of the massless Thirring model in the light-cone using functional methods is considered. The need to compactify the coordinate x− in the light-cone spacetime implies that the quantum effective action for left-handed fermions contains excitations similar to abelian instantons produced by composite of left-handed fermions. Right-handed fermions donʹt have a similar effective action. Thus, quantum mechanically, chiral symmetry must be broken as a result of the topological excitations. The conserved charge associated to the topological states is quantized. Different cases with only fermionic excitations or bosonic excitations or both can occur depending on the boundary conditions and the value of the coupling.