Violation of time-reversal invariance and CPLEAR measurements

Motivated by the recent CPLEAR measurement on the time-reversal non-invariance, we review the situation concerning the experimental measurements of charge conjugation, parity violation and time reversibility, in systems with non-Hermitean Hamiltonians. This includes in particular neutral meson systems, like K0−K̄0, D0−D̄0 and B0−B̄0. We discuss the formalism that describes particle-antiparticle mixing and time evolution of states, paying particular emphasis to the orthogonality conditions of incoming and outgoing states. As a result, we confirm that the CPLEAR experiment makes a direct measurement of violation of time-reversal without any assumption of unitarity and CPT-violation. The asymmetry which signifies T-violation, is found to be independent of time and decay processes.