A high efficiency thin film silicon solar cell and module

A photoelectric conversion efficiency of over 10% has been achieved in thin-film microcrystalline silicon solar cells which consist of a 2lm thick layer of polycrystalline silicon. It was found that an adequate current can be extracted even from a thin film due to the very effective light trapping effect of silicon with a low absorption coefficient. As a result, this technology may eventually lead to the development of low-cost solar cells. Also, an initial aperture efficiency as high as 13.5% has been achieved with a large area (91cm · 45cm) tandem solar cell module of microcrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon (thin film Si hybrid solar cell). An even greater initial efficiency of 14.7% has been achieved in devices with a small size (area of 1cm2), and further increases of efficiency can be expected. 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.