The effect of various amounts of seed and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.)

ABSTRACT: In order to examine the effect of seed amount and different levels of nitrogen on kernel and yield components of wheat line N8019, an experiment was done in randomized complete block design(factorial) in four replications .Experiment was done in Qarakheil region of Qaemshahr in Mazandaran province in agricultural years of 2011-12. Four levels of nitrogen amounts have been considered cost us and in the stages of pre-implantation, clawing, stemming and spiking in the amount of (N0=without using nitrogen, N1= in amount of 75 Kg/ha nitrogenized fertilizer (Urea), N2= 150 Kg/ha and N3= 225 Kg/ha) and also three levels of seed amount are 160,190 and 220 Kg/ha respectively, as experimented factors. Results showed that using nitrogen showed that growth increased with increasing of nitrogen in hectare. So that the height in main stem and cluster length (90.97 cm and 9.95 cm), respectively were reached to its maximum by using 225 kilograms of nitrogen in hectare. After increasing the growth, other kernel components(numbers of spikelet in each cluster, weight of cluster, weight of thousand seeds) with consuming 225 kilograms of nitrogenized fertilizer in hectare , were reached into their maximum in hectare (21.94, 2.86 and 43.72g respectively) .The kernel yield also reached maximum by using of 225 kilograms nitrogen in hectare (5436Kg/ha). The kernel yeild, harvest index and yield of seed protein, were affected by amount of seed in the level of five percents. With 220 Kg of seed, they reached to its maximum limit (5041 kg in hectare, 52.23 percents and 628.7 kg in hectare) but sigentific difference was not showed with 190 Kg of seed in these traits. Yield of seed protein, in the level of 1 percents probability was under the effect of nitrogen, so that the greatest amount was obtained by consuming 220 kilograms of nitrogenized (708.1 Kg/ha).According to the results ,using of 225 kilograms nitrogen in hectare(in four growth stage) in all properties had ideal condition and also according to the fact that we obtained the greatest yield and efficiency, under the influence of amount of seed of 190 and 220 kilograms in hectare, that 190 kg/ha amount is recommended.