Determination of Seepage and Analysis of Earth Dams (Case Study: Karkheh Dam)

Because of the increasing trend of building clam throughout Iran; it is necessary to optimize clam buildings and operations. Dam or Hydropower industry has two types of buildings; normally: (1) Concrete clams (2) Embankment (earth) clams. Generally, scientists and engineers use different methods to enhance safety and decrease any errors in calculation due to maintenance of water storage especially hydro structure of the dam. It is necessary to investigate the dam seepage control; commonly used by several methods. Seepage is one of the important issues for design, build and maintenance of dams awareness. Seepage problem and its rules helps scientist to select a suitable method of monitoring and solving such problem. These methods of analysis were carried out at civil and construction project. In this study, one of latest method of investigation of seepage behavior were analytically evaluated and compared with the actual rules. Based on determine results; several suggestions and optimization method were suggested. Therefore, an optimum method was scientifically selected. Besides that, flow condition of porous environment with application of numeric program was analyzed. Finally, all the results were lunched out from seep/w soft which is the most significant program about this matter; use of finite elements method is specified for saturated and unsaturated environment. Thus; leakage and seepage were defined as function of (time and position). Subsequently, the best seepage solutions for the dam constructing were scientifically identified.