Lattice Boltzmann simulation of natural convection in a nano uid- lled inclined square cavity at presence of magnetic eld

In this paper, the eect of a magnetic eld on natural convection ow in a nano uid-lled inclined square cavity has been analyzed by Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM). The cavity is lled with water and nanoparticles of copper at the presence of a magnetic eld. This study has been carried out for the pertinent parameters in the following ranges: the Rayleigh number of the base uid, Ra = 103 ?? 105, the volumetric fractions of nanoparticles between 0 and 6% and inclined angle () of the cavity between  = ??60 and 60 with interval of 30. The Hartmann number varied from Ha = 0 to 30, while the uniform magnetic eld is considered horizontally. Results show that the heat transfer is decreased by the increment of Hartmann number for various Rayleigh numbers and the inclined angles. Magnetic eld augments the eect of nanoparticles at high Rayleigh numbers. Negative inclined angles simultaneously decline heat transfer toward  = 0 and the in uence of nanoparticle.