A Delphi–matrix approach to SEA and its application within the tourism sector in Taiwan

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a procedural tool and within the framework of SEA, several different types of analytical methods can be used in the assessment. However, the impact matrix used currently in Taiwan has some disadvantages. Hence, a Delphi–matrix approach to SEA is proposed here to improve the performance of Taiwanʹs SEA. This new approach is based on the impact matrix combination with indicators of sustainability, and then the Delphi method is employed to collect expertsʹ opinions. In addition, the assessment of National Floriculture Park Plan and Taiwan Flora 2008 Program is taken as an example to examine this new method. Although international exhibition is one of the important tourism (economic) activities, SEA is seldom about tourism sector. Finally, the Delphi–matrix approach to SEA for tourism development plan is established containing eight assessment topics and 26 corresponding categories. In summary, three major types of impacts: resourcesʹ usages, pollution emissions, and local cultures change are found. Resourcesʹ usages, such as water, electricity, and natural gas demand, are calculated on a per capita basis. Various forms of pollution resulting from this plan, such as air, water, soil, waste, and noise, are also identified.