Bluetooth scatternets: criteria, models and classification

Bluetooth ad hoc networks are constrained by a master/slave configuration, in which one device is the master and controls the communication with the slave devices. The master and up to seven active slave devices can form a small Bluetooth network called a piconet. In order to build larger network topologies, called scatternets, the piconets must be interconnected. Scatternets are formed by allowing certain piconet members to participate in several piconets by periodically switching between them. Due to the fact that there is no scatternet formation procedure in the Bluetooth specification, numerous different approaches have been proposed. We discuss criteria for different types of scatternets and establish general models of scatternet topologies. Then we review the state-of-the-art approaches with respect to Bluetooth scatternet formation and compare and contrast them.