A novel sediment gas sampler and a subsurface gas collector used for measurement of the ebullition of methane and carbon dioxide from a eutrophied lake

A novel sediment bubble gas sampler and a subsurface bubble gas collector were designed to measure the ebullition of gases from profundal sediments of aquatic ecosystems. The sediment gas sampler was constructed to collect bubble gas samples directly from the uppermost sediment layers for gas composition analysis. The floating subsurface gas collector, designed to trap the bubbles released naturally from sediments, permitted the measurement of both the volume and the composition of the bubble gas. Due to its low cost, light weight and rapid sampling capability, the gas collector is ideal for studies requiring many replicate collectors. These devices were used for measurement of the ebullition of methane CH4. and carbon dioxide CO2. during an open water period from hypereutrophic Lake Postilampi, situated within the midboreal zone in Finland. The bubble gas obtained from the sediment with the sediment gas sampler had higher concentrations of CH4 and CO2 than the bubbles trapped in the gas collectors. This indicated that the bubble gas composition changed, either naturally during the migration of the bubbles from the sediment through the water column to the gas collectors, andror during their storage in the collectors prior to sampling. The mean CH4 ebullition from Lake Postilampi was estimated to be in the range from 36 to 46 mg my2 dy1, based on the bubble gas CH4 concentrations measured from the gas collectors and sediment, respectively. The bubbles contained only 0.02]0.57% of CO2 and thus, the ebullition had no significance in the release of CO2 from the lake