Organochlorine pesticides in serum and adipose tissue of pregnant women in Southern Spain giving birth by cesarean section

Since the appearance of DDT, increasingly potent insecticides have been developed to overcome the resistance developed by insects to successive products. Pesticides are also used in public health programs to control disease vectors. Despite legislation to control the use of certain products, they repeatedly appear in the adipose tissue, milk and serum of human populations. The present study determined the presence of organochlorine molecules in the adipose tissue, serum, and umblical cord of women giving birth by cesarean section in order to establish a possible correlation in organochlorine molecule content between these biological compartments and to examine fetal exposure to molecules with hormonal effects. Presence of nine organochlorines was detected by GC/ECD and confirmed by GC/MS. Highly significant differences ( pb0.000) were observed between adipose tissue and maternal serum in concentrations of lindane, HCB, DDE, DDD, and endosulfan but not ( pN0.5) in concentrations of endosulfan II or endosulfan sulfate. Only DDE concentrations differed ( pb0.001) between maternal serum and umbilical cord serum. An association between ppʹDDE and opʹDDT was observed in maternal serum ( pb0.094). An association in ppʹDDE and ppʹDDD content was found between adipose tissue and umbilical cord serum, and in ppʹDDT content between adipose tissue and maternal serum. Results obtained indicate that exposure can be measured solely in serum when relatively high concentrations of pesticides are present.