Title of article :
Modelling the impacts of Combined Sewer Overflows
on the river Seine water quality
Author/Authors :
Stéphanie Even، نويسنده , , ?، نويسنده , , Jean-Marie Mouchel، نويسنده , , Pierre Servais، نويسنده , , Nicolas Flipo، نويسنده , , Michel Poulin، نويسنده , , Stéphanie Blanc d، نويسنده , , Matthieu Chabanel d، نويسنده , , Catherine Paffoni e، نويسنده ,
Issue Information :
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2007
Abstract :
To achieve the objectives of the European Water Framework Directive (EWFD), the Seine basin Water Authority has
constructed a number of prospective scenarios forecasting the impact of planned investments in water quality. Paris and its suburbs
were given special attention because of their impact on the river Seine. Paris sewer system and overflow control is of major concern
in future management plans. The composition and fate of the urban effluents have been characterized through numerous in situ
samplings, laboratory experiments and modelling studies. The PROSE model was especially designed to simulate the impact on the
river of both permanent dry-weather effluents and of highly transient Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO). It was also used to
represent the impact of Paris at large spatial and temporal scales. In addition to immediate effects on oxygen levels, heavy
particulate organic matter loads that settle downstream of the outlets contribute to permanent oxygen consumption. Until the late
90s, the 50 km long reach of the Seine inside Paris was permanently affected by high oxygen consumption accounting for 112% of
the flux upstream of the city. 20% of this demand resulted from CSO. However, the oxygenation of the system is strong due to high
phytoplankton activity. As expected, the model results predict a reduction of both permanent dry-weather effluents and CSOs in the
future that will greatly improve the oxygen levels (concentrations higher than 7.3 mgO2 L−1, 90% of the time instead of 4.0 mgO2
L−1 in the late 90s). The main conclusion is that, given the spatial and temporal extent of the impact of many CSOs, water quality
models should take into account the CSOs in order to be reliable.
Keywords :
Combined sewer overflow , water quality modelling , water quality , river seine , European Framework Directive on Water , Oxygen
Journal title :
Science of the Total Environment
Journal title :
Science of the Total Environment