چكيده لاتين :
Background: Leishmaniosis is a prevalent tropical parasinc
disease, which is caused by Leishmania protozoa. The infection
can be limited in immune-competent individuals; however, in
immune-compromised individuals it could proceed to chronic
and ulcerative disease. The reservoirs are carnivores, and
rodents and its vectors are Phlebotomus and Lutzumia.
Methods: The prevalence of different spices of Phlebotomus
populations and the effects of insecticides on them are investigated
in Abardejhe district located in southeast of Tehran,
Iran. Tablets of aluminum phosphide (3 g) and residual formulation
of methyl carbamate at concentrations of I and 2
g/rn" were used in rodentsי burrows.
Results: Phlebotomus population was highly sensitive to both
insecticides used here, and their population significantly
decreased by 80% within two months after application of insecticides.
The effects of methyl carbamate at concentrations used
lasted two months longer than that of aluminum phosphide.
Conclusion: Control and prevention of Leishmania infection
depends on the habitat and behavior of vectors and reservoirs.
Periodic insecticide spray ing, using residual compound
inside and outside residential areas, as well as breading
places of sandflies, specially rodentיs burrows, are
shown to be very effective.
