Three - Phase Strategies: Models of Pre-Reading Strategy

Adopting a three-phrase scheme, Paris et al. (1991 :612) classifY reading strategies on the basis of when they take place into -reading (or pre-reading, while- reading and postreading). These three stages are generally recommended to make reading more realistic and interesting. The aim is to make sure that: 1. Strategies help to improve reading comprehension as well as efficiency in reading. 2. By using strategies, students will be reading in the way that expert readers do. 3. Strategies help readers to process the text to their own knowledge and to other parts of the text. Since such strategies affect readers behaviours, they are believed to be specific actions which readers employ before, during and after reading in order to understand most efficiently what they read. In fact, they influence readers in adjusting their,, reading behaviours to work on text difficulty task demands and other contextual variables