(اِذَا) الفُجَائِية دِرَاسَةٌ نَحْوِيَّةٌ وصْفِيَّةٌ

Grammatical particles are abundant in language. These particles have different meanings and functions. We can hardly find an Arabic sentence that has no particle. These grammatical words play a significant role in the context in which they are used. One of these particles is ‘if’ which is called in Arabic itha al-fujaiyyah’, that expresses suddenness. This paper examines this particle in terms of its meanings, types, positions and all other aspects that relate to it. The research consists of an introduction, three sections and a conclusion as follows: Section 1: functions of if Section 2: types Section 3: positions The findings of the study include the following: 1. Grammarian differed among themselves regarding the meanings of if. 2. It is used with ‘fa’. 3. It occurs in the main clause as well as in the conditional clause. 4. The noun following it should be in the nominative case according to Sibawayh.