چكيده عربي :
The translation, which is an activity as old which was from the Epic of Gilgamesh, which led to five Asian languages in the third century. A.C., and the translatology, which is a new discipline appeared in the last decades of the twentieth century. It is a science that builds relationships with several disciplines, including linguistics, sociology, psychology, philosophy, anthropology, artificial intelligence, etc. The process of translation between two languages-is what interests us in this study, one of the types of translation interlengual Roman Jakobson calls it-is that the translator converts text from one language , which is called the language of origin, to another, called the target language. So the linguistic sign is a cornerstone in the process of translation. But what are the basic properties of these linguistic signs or signals? and what is the nature of meaning? Are traditional theories about the meaning or linguistic sign sufficient to evaluate the translations also to evaluate the work of a translator, helping to carry out their work, etc..? In our research we will try to provide answers to these questions through our theory of meaning and the linguistic sign The basic scheme of reference.
