اثر البيئة الثقافية والطبيعية كمحفزات في تشكيل وصياغة النسيج الحضري مثال تحليلي للفترة السومرية من حضارة وادي الرافدين

Urban fabric is the mirror and document that reflect the interaction of man with the environment within a specific place and time, resulting in the interaction of urban configurations of spaces in which man exercises his daily activities, whether these internal spaces of building blocks or outer spaces are open spaces of various kinds. an‎d the interaction of man with the environment within a specific time and place result in achieving the urban identity of that place. The interaction of the human with its cultural and natural environment is what makes the urban fabric distinct from the other and in the same Time gives a sense of being familiar and promotes belonging to it, whether on the level of buildings, spaces or paths, thus strengthening the identity and authenticity of the city. The research sought to clarify the holistic vision of the importance of these two environments by relying on an analytical and exploratory approach that ensures the return to the roots of the urban fabric represented by the Sumerian period of the Mesopotamian civilization, resulting from human interaction with the environment and the attempt to benefit from it. an‎d the fact that this period has established the first nucleus of human civilization. Therefore, the role played by cultural and natural environment factors in shaping the urban fabric of the cities of this civilization will be discussed as a case study and analysis to test the importance of these two environments. The study concluded, that the emphasis on the importance of the cultural and natural environment does not mean the return of the heritage through reference to the traditional fabric, but from the study and analysis of urban systems and treatments of the traditional urban fabric, which is resulting from human interaction with the environment, through its understanding and use in the development of urban textile systems and treatments by The use of modern technology and advanced scientific programs to re-evaluate and develop the structure of the urban fabric, which generates a renewed and contemporary vision that promotes the values of identity and local privacy and strengthen the sense of belonging within the space and time.